The basic performance requirements of the bearing steel


Rolling the basic requirements of the material depends largely on the performance of the bearing. Manufacture of rolling bearings material is appropriate, will have a great impact on its performance and life. Under normal circumstances, the rolling bearing major destruction in the form of alternating stress fatigue spalling, and loss due to friction and wear of the bearings accuracy. In addition, there are cracks, indentation, rust and other reasons, caused abnormal destruction of the bearing. Therefore, the rolling bearing should have a high resistance to plastic deformation, less friction and wear, good rotation accuracy, good dimensional accuracy and stability, and long contact fatigue life. And many of the performance by the material and heat treatment process jointly determined. The rolling bearing the basic requirements of the material is determined by the bearing failure modes, material required to manufacture of rolling bearings after certain heat treatment after the process should have the following performance:

A high contact fatigue strength

Contact fatigue damage is the main form of bearing normal damage. Rolling operation, the rolling element bearing, the outer ring raceway rolling contact portion withstand periodic alternating load, more than those of up to hundreds of thousands of times per minute, in periodic alternating stress under repeated, the contact surface The fatigue spalling. Rolling bearings began peeling will cause bearing vibration, noise, increasing the working temperature rose sharply, resulting in the ultimate failure of the bearing, a form of corruption called contact fatigue damage. Therefore, the requirements of the rolling bearing steel should have high contact fatigue strength.

Second high wear resistance

Rolling bearing normal working hours, in addition to rolling friction occurs, accompanied by sliding friction. The occurrence of sliding friction main parts: contact surface between the contact surface between the rolling element and the raceway, the rolling elements and the cage pocket hole, the holder and the ferrule guide ribs as well as between the roller end surface of the ferrule guide etc. between the ribs. Rolling the presence of sliding friction wear of the bearing parts. If the wear resistance of the bearing steel, roller bearing will wear a premature loss of precision or leaving the bearing vibration increased decline in rotation accuracy, reduced life. Therefore, the required bearing steel should have a high abrasion resistance.

Three high elastic limit

Rolling work, since the rolling body and ferrule of the small contact area between the raceways, the bearing under load, especially in the bear a greater load, the contact surface of the contact pressure. In order to prevent the large plastic deformation occurs under high contact stresses, so that the loss of bearing precision or the occurrence of surface cracks, therefore, requires the bearing steel should have a high elastic limit.

Four suitable hardness

Hardness is one of the important indicators of rolling bearings. It has a close relationship with material contact fatigue strength, wear resistance, elastic limit, a direct impact on the life of the rolling bearing, and the hardness of the bearing is usually based on the bearing loads and is determined by the size, bearing size and wall thickness of the overall situation. Rolling steel hardness is suitable, too large or too small will affect bearing life. As we all know, the main failure mode of rolling bearing contact fatigue damage, and poor wear resistance or unstable size of the bearing accuracy loss; bearing parts lack a certain toughness, brittle fracture will withstand greater impact loads the destruction of the bearing. Therefore, we must according to the the bearing specific circumstances and destruction to determine the hardness of the bearing. Fatigue spalling or wear resistance errand bearing accuracy loss, bearing parts should be used in high hardness; withstand greater impact load bearing (eg mill: bearings, railway bearings and some automotive bearings, etc.) should be appropriately reduced hardness in order to improve the toughness of the bearing is very necessary.
Five certain impact toughness

A lot of rolling bearings will be affected by the use of the process - given the impact load bearing steel, thus requiring a certain toughness to ensure the bearing is not destroyed by the impact. Such as mill bearings, railway bearings require materials with relatively high impact toughness and fracture toughness to withstand greater impact load bearing, bearing some bainite hardening heat treatment process, and some with a case-hardened steel material is to to ensure that these bearings having a better resistance to impact toughness.

Six good dimensional stability

Rolling bearings are precision machine parts, its accuracy in microns for the unit. In the custody and use of the long-term process, due to the internal organizational changes or stress changes caused by the change of the bearing size, bearing loss of accuracy. Therefore, in order to ensure the accuracy of the size of the bearing, bearing steel should have a good dimensional stability.
Seven good anti-rust properties

Rolling of many manufacturing processes, longer production cycle, semi-finished or finished parts in the assembly needs a long period of storage, Therefore, the bearing parts in the production process or in the final preservation are prone certain corrosion, particularly in the humid air. So, bearing steel to have a good anti-rust properties.

Eight good process performance

Rolling in the production process, its parts to go through a multi-channel cold, heat processing operations. This requires the bearing steel should have good technological properties, such as cold, thermoforming properties, cutting, grinding performance and heat treatment performance, etc., in order to adapt to the needs of the rolling bearing high-volume, high-efficiency, low-cost and high-quality production.

In addition, the bearings used in the special working conditions, in addition to the above basic requirements, its steel must also proposed a special performance requirements, such as high temperature resistance, high-speed performance and corrosion resistance as well as anti-magnetic properties.

 


<>The basic performance requirements of the bearing steel

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